Welcome to your first glimpse of BHA's Western Policy Spotter - a high-level scan of state policy and legislation impacting wild public lands, waters and wildlife across the West.
Much like wading through the marsh wearing heavy waders and a bag overloaded with decoys, BHA’s chapter leaders are trudging through a few bills this legislative session that will require careful footwork and dogged persistence. While there are many mission critical bills currently in front of BHA's chapters, one insidious issue has surfaced across many different states - the transfer of federal public lands - here is what you need to know.
Note - this is not a comprehensive list of legislation or issues that chapters are working on, but rather a spotlight in the moment of what is moving. There are many more bills and issues BHA's chapters are engaging on and those will be added to the Spotter when they are strategic to surface.
Jump to specific states using the links below:
ARIZONA
COLORADO
MONTANA
NEW MEXICO
OREGON
WASHINGTON
WYOMING
UTAH
ARIZONA
Arizona's bad land transfer bill is back and it's accompanied by an acrimonious anti-public lands resolution
Additional bills that Arizona BHA opposes:
HB 2588 Private lands; taking wildlife; landowner permits; rules
HB 2083 Game and fish commission; membership
Bills that Arizona BHA supports:
HB 2603 Hunting; fishing; license; deferred prosecution
HB 2135 Unlawful camping; stock; wildlife; access
COLORADO
Colorado BHA is currently tracking several promising pro-conservation bills moving; this one is at the head of the pack and a priority for the chapter.
Colorado BHA strongly supports SB 25-049, the Continue Habitat Stamp Program bill currently before the Colorado General Assembly. Since the inception of the Habitat Stamp in 2006, the Colorado Wildlife Habitat Program has invested more than $205.2 million by securing conservation easements on over 300,000 acres, public access via easement on over 156,000 acres, Colorado Parks & Wildlife fee title acquisition on 35,000 acres, and river bank access along 393 miles of river bank. SB 25-049 would make the program permanent rather than being subject to periodic sunsets. Colorado BHA testified at the Senate Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee hearing where this bill passed out of the Appropriations Committee by a 6-1 vote.
MONTANA
Montana BHA supports expanding lottery tag raffles to improve conservation funding and equitable access.
Below are select bills that Montana BHA supports:
Draft/Bill #: LC2203 / HB 242
Title: Revise fines related to aquatic invasive species
Draft/Bill #: LC0506 / SB 63
Title: Revise law related to the use of motion-tracking devices while hunting
Draft/Bill #: LC3165 / HB 202
Title: Generally revise laws related to the unlawful use of aircraft for hunting
Draft/Bill #: LC0749 / SB 235
Title: Revising landowner preference qualifications for elk to require finalized land ownership of 640 acres or more of contiguous land
Below are select bills that Montana BHA opposes:
Montana BHA opposed SB 209 (TABLED), a bill that would have revised term length of conservation easements and risked conservation and hunting/fishing access. BHA is grateful for Sen Tazek's request to table this bill in committee.
Draft/Bill #: HB 285
Title: Generally revise Montana environmental policy act
Draft/Bill #: LC0975 / SB 146
Title: Creating the private property protection act
Draft/Bill: LC2548 / HB 176
Title: Require unlimited wolf hunting quota when population is at or above 450 wolves
Draft/Bill #: LC1999 / SB 270
Title: Revise laws related to antlerless elk licenses
Draft/Bill#: LC2221 / HB 216
Title: Allow FW Commission to issue deer and elk hunting licenses to private landowners within the Flathead Indian Reservation
NEW MEXICO
New Mexico's current reality is an underfunded department and a broken game commission. For these reasons, NM BHA supports SB5 which includes game commission reform, license fee increases and game department modernization.
NM BHA has been closely monitoring SB 5 as it moves through the legislature, providing feedback to committee members on key issues important to hunters and anglers across the state. BHA’s advocacy efforts have helped to ensure:
- A guaranteed seat for a "hunter and angler" on the commission.
- Language included that the entire commission should possess knowledge of hunting and fishing, in addition to requiring NM residency for commissioners.
- Successfully addressing concerns over disproportionately high fee increases for trappers to ensure fair adjustments in line with the other fee increases included in the bill.
SB 5 has passed the Senate Rules Committee and the Senate Conservation Committee. As SB 5 continues through the legislative process, NM BHA will remain engaged, ensuring balanced and thoughtful recommendations that uphold the values of the hunting and angling community.
OREGON
Oregon BHA supports HB 2978 and improved connectivity for wildlife
HB 2978 is an essential investment in Oregonians’ collective future, strengthening collaboration between the Oregon Department of Transportation and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. HB 2978 would help reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions and keep motorists and wildlife safer by proactively identifying and addressing high-collision zones and offering improved data collection and targeted infrastructure (e.g., underpasses, overpasses). HB 2978 would also help protect habitat connectivity by maintaining viable migration routes and winter ranges critical for healthy herds and ecosystems. By focusing on projects that restore or enhance connectivity, Oregonian’s can ensure that Oregon’s iconic big game species—and many other wildlife—continue to thrive. Oregon BHA testified in support of this bill during a hearing on 2/5/25.
View the written testimony submitted by the Chapter.
Oregon BHA opposes Curry County Commissioner's attempts to assume management authority over all public forest lands
The Curry County Board of Commissioners is advancing a proposal to "assume its Constitutional management authority over all public forest lands" in the County and plans to do so in part, by "invoking the inherent police powers of the state." This legally dubious scheme is part of a broader movement across the West to assert control over federal public lands through an ill-advised interpretation of the 10th amendment - a dangerous assertion that BHA has long pushed back against.
Take action using the link below and if you live in Southwest Oregon, show up in person to voice your opposition 4:00pm, February 18th at 94235 Moore Street, Gold Beach Oregon, 97444 (annex building).
WASHINGTON
Grassroots activism from Washington’s hunters and anglers secures a step in the right direction for Washington Commission makeup.
In the last days of his 12-year term, former Governor Jay Inslee took a final step to undermine the public trust in Washington’s wildlife management system. By pushing through last-minute appointments to Washington’s Fish and Wildlife Commission, the Governor side-stepped feedback from Washington's conservationists, ignored critical input from Tribal co-managers, weakened the democratic process, and disregarded the very laws guiding these appointments.
Washington BHA strongly opposed this move and mobilized an action alert to the Senate Agriculture, Water, Natural Resources and Parks Committee, urging them to do what's best for Washington's wildlife. The voices of hunters and anglers were heard and those last minute appointments from former Governor Inslee were rejected by the Senate. Governor Bob Ferguson will now have an opportunity to make better appointments.
Read more about Washington BHA's efforts in this coverage by Outdoor Life and watch the chapter’s own Mandy Wittmier discuss the issue in more detail on HuntFishNW.
Bills that Washington BHA supports:
SB5203 - Relating to ensuring connectivity for Washington wildlife through safe passages.
HB1325 - Expanding enforcement options for certain fish and wildlife violations.
WYOMING
Wyoming BHA is on a roll and has helped to kill several bad bills already this session with many of them targeting our shared public lands.
Wyoming BHA strongly opposed SJR 2 (Dead) which demanded the transfer of federal public lands in Wyoming to state control. This resolution is part of a broader movement across the West to assert state control over public lands, threatening to undermine access to hunting and fishing opportunities, while burdening the state with the financial obligation of managing millions of acres of land - or privatizing it.
Wyoming BHA also opposed SF 105 (Dead) which sought to restrict private property sales and transfers to the federal government without legislative consent. Senate File 105 would have created unnecessary barriers to the management and conservation of Wyoming’s public lands, threatening critical wildlife habitat and recreational access, while also imposing burdensome oversight on property owners, restricting the flexibility needed for effective land management and conservation efforts.
Wyoming BHA strongly opposes HB 118 which would prohibit “net gains” of federal land in Wyoming. This bill violates private property rights and hinders the government's ability to create contiguous wildlife corridors, enhance habitats, or remedy fragmented landscapes that threaten the survival of species like elk, mule deer, and other game animals. HB 118 has already passed the House, so Wyoming BHA urges residents to contact senators to stop this bill before it becomes law.
If you live in Wyoming, TAKE ACTION to tell your senator that you oppose these anti-public lands bills.
Read more about these bills and the broader move to remove and restrict federal public lands across the west in this coverage from Outdoor Life.
More bills that Wyoming BHA opposes:
Wyoming BHA opposed and testified against HB 109 (dead). HB 109 would have suspended hunting/fishing/trapping licenses if the license holder was convicted of hunting trespass and would have set a problematic precedent for restricting a constitutional right to hunt and fish in Wyoming.
SF 118, which would have authorized the transfer or sale of landowner elk, deer, and antelope licenses, was tabled by the bill sponsor and will not be heard in committee. BHA strongly opposed SF 118 and immediately mobilized grassroots opposition alongside our partners to push back against the privatization of public wildlife. Representatives from the state’s hunting community, including BHA's Wyoming chapter co-chair Buzz Hettick, met with the bill’s sponsor, co-sponsors and Wyoming Game & Fish to better understand the sponsor’s reasons for introducing the bill. The dialogue was productive, and emblematic of how we can come together in Wyoming to resolve differences and seek outcomes that benefit as many people as possible.
A massive number of BHA members and supporters took action to voice their opposition to SF 118. THANK YOU!
Backcountry Hunters & Anglers supports fair chase hunting; therefore, Wyoming BHA elevated the following for support:
Wyoming BHA supported House Bill 0331, as it helps protect the principles of fair chase hunting by prohibiting the use of motor vehicles to harass, injure, or kill predatory animals on public lands as a legal method of take. This isn't hunting and it's not an ethical pursuit of wildlife. HB 0331 sought to maintain the integrity of the hunting experience while supporting responsible wildlife management but it narrowly failed to make it out of committee and will likely be back in the future.
UTAH
Bills that Utah BHA OPPOSES
HB 202 Private Landowner Big Game Revisions
This bill allows landowner bull elk tags currently provided through an additional landowner-only draw to be sold (i.e. “transferable”). Additionally, it provides landowners with contiguous parcels between 4,000-8,999 acres on limited entry units two guaranteed bull elk permits which are taken from the public draw that can also be sold. These opportunities to monetize wildlife come with no tangible benefit in return to the public, such as additional public tag opportunities or access (which is the current precedent). BHA opposes this bill that leads Utah down a slippery slope of privatizing public wildlife.
HB 386 Attempts to Block Stream Access
Current law allows the public to touch the streambeds and banks on navigable waterways where the waterway flows through private lands, but not on non-navigable waterways. The problem: the current law does not authorize a process by which state agencies can define via a standard test which rivers fall under which category, and landowners have used that ambiguity to unfairly restrict access to streambeds and banks. H.B. 386 solidifies that the only way to prove navigability is through litigation and places the burden of proof on the public, which is not an adequate solution for the public. It also changes the definition of navigability to make it even harder to prove our stream access rights in court. BHA strongly opposes H.B 386 and we look forward to the Legislature including sportsmen in the conversation around stream access legislation in the future.
Bills that Utah BHA SUPPORTS
HB 244 Wildlife Management Area (WMA) Amendments
This bill provides additional protections for the Great Salt Lake wetlands ecosystem through the creation of the Bear River Bay WMA. The bill also removes restrictions on impoundments on the Willard Spur WMA and authorizes the DWR to be able construct structures only after forming and meeting with an advisory council consisting of affected stakeholders.
This bill creates a new revenue source to fund management of non-game species through reinstating royalties related to the brine shrimp industry and imposing a tax on wind electric generation facilities, solar electric generation facilities, and direct current transmission facilities. This new “Species Protection Account” will allow non-game species management to receive adequate funding support and ensure that revenues from hunting license and permit sales fund game species.
UTAH IS NOT FOR SALE...AND NEITHER IS YOUR STATE
BHA vehemently opposes the recent legal maneuver by the State of Utah aimed at seizing control of 18.5 million acres of federal public lands - a move that could set a dangerous precedent for land management across the West.
A long-standing grudge against federal public lands – lands intended to be accessible by and for all Americans – has resulted in the State of Utah attempting to remove from the public domain one of the crown jewels of North American conservation: our public lands. Utah officials are seeking control of the entirety of unappropriated Bureau of Land Management territory, a profound misstep in the ideology of public land management and stewardship of natural resources in Utah. The proposed transfer of public lands to state control also raises grave concerns about the potential for increased commercial exploitation, increased costs to state budgets, diminished conservation efforts, and restricted public access. BHA stands firmly in opposition to this legal maneuver, which directly attacks the shared heritage of public lands and waters that provide hunting and angling opportunities for sportsmen and women.
Sign our petition to stand up for federal public lands and the freedom they provide to all Americans.
TAKE ACTION
Then, if you live in Utah, use this action alert to send a direct message to your elected leaders letting them know that local hunters and anglers will not stand for the transfer of our public land
Stay tuned for updates and bill breakdowns as we continue to monitor legislative sessions across the west.